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November 12, 2010

What's with the aliens?

Believe it or not, there are four alien invasion movies to feast your sci-fi chops on. FIrst on deck is the one with the best name, Monsters, an inexpensively produced cerebral giant-alien-creature flick cut from the same cloth as Cloverfield. It's quickly earned a lot of buzz. More recently, we've been inundated with trailers from the mega-budget Skyline which wants to take Independence Day to a whole new level. Sure to be short on plot, but easy on the eyes, it will still probably get my ten bucks. It's set in Los Angeles, by the way - remember that.

Next is a totally unexpected surprise, a foreign flick Seres which promises to be a stylized european alien head-trip and could be the dark horse that scoops the whole bunch. Didn't see it coming, but once again, I'd be willing to stand in line for this one. And the last of the bunch will give you a double-take and must have been a major headache for studio execs, because it is none other than Battle: Los Angeles, an epic big-screen tale of an alien invasion in which mankind digs their heels in and makes their last stand in ...wait for iiiiiiiiit.... Los Angeles.

It's a funny thing. But even though Battle: Los Angeles got their trailer out second, it looks to be grittier, more stylized, and perhaps a little riskier. This reminds me of something my former boss once said - it's not as important to be first, it's important to be right.

June 18, 2010

Father's Day and Oil

It's almost Father's Day and the golf cliches are building to an unimaginable high. Is it too much to ask to spread out the emphasis a little? Geek dads every where rise up, rebel, let your iphones be heard! Honestly, De Beers look like amateurs compared to the golf lobby who might just succeed in taking over Father's Day. What is the world coming to?

Of course, that's what we should be saying about this oil spill. Americans are demanding that new technologies and science be brought to bear to remediate the oil, but nobody seems to get it. BP has created a disaster it can't afford and doesn't know what to do. That's obvious. The government is in a trickier position of having to explain to Americans that seemingly miraculous solutions for soaking up oil may have more sinister problems. The government would appear to be sticking (hmmm, pun not intended but it works) to conventional approaches which have passed the myriad of regulatory hurtles to show that they make some sense and won't do more harm than good. The reason is obvious: the feds don't want to make things worse - the well known and rightly feared 'law of unintended consequences'.

And so I made the mistake of tuning into Huckabee. Sigh. I got excited when he started an episode with a basin of water in front of him and revealed a studio full of lab-coat clad people all with basins of water and oil samples ready to demonstrate new technologies to remediate oil. SCIENCE, I thought. And so I watched intently...as Huckabee proceeded to roll a previously recorded smear on Obama for several minutes. I think 'ok, I should have expected this, I'll tune back in a few minutes'. So I channel surf for 5 minutes or so, come back hoping to see some creative science and exciting ideas and...Huckabee is running another over-produced smear on Obama for many minutes. So I assume he got to it at some point, but not before over-indulging his political feelings and discouraging me of my patience.

Well dads, as at least a symbolic touch we could all go into our garages and turn in those random jugs of used motor oil we all seem to have. I just did that recently - felt good. This is where I'd really like to cook up some cool idea to use Father's Day to rally a fresh attack to stop the oil in the gulf coast. I got nothing (ok, not entirely true) - but it's not going to be that easy. As for Father's Day, let's reclaim our day : - stop the toil on the golf course.

August 07, 2009

I get it now.

For the longest time, I was having trouble understanding the craze over Amazon's Kindle. It seemed small, delicate, a bit of a hassle and cruelly deprived of the tactile satisfaction of a glossy cover, musty pages, and the wonderful sensation of your thumb gliding over course cellulose every time you turn a page. Is the Kindle really 'green'? It's not that easy. Mass production electronic devices like cell phones have become an environmental nightmare. They're full of unusual metals and tons of synthetics and plastics and they end up in landfills. Paper is also a flawed medium, from an environmental perspective, but it is recyclable and renewable, and there is a real culture of paper recycling these days.

Now flashback to yesterday. I was thinking about Robert Boyle and about how his legacy is still being re-interpreted today. And I got a big hankering to read one of his important works, The Sceptical Chymist. Amazon had a number of cheap versions, which Jenn kindly ordered for me, but then I stumbled upon this. For the same price that Starbucks would charge you to combine water with mass produced syrup, you could instead purchase the digitally photographed version of the original Sceptical Chymist and have it at your finger tips, in under 60 seconds. I was impressed.

This is good news right? Maybe not for everybody. Dover Books has made a solid business and earned a deeply loyal clientele by republishing beloved out of print books in all fields that have very little mass market appeal, especially in the sciences and mathematics, books just like the Sceptical Chymist. Dover's editions are extremely inexpensive, yet very high quality, respectful, photographed reproductions with no meddling, editing, etc. Half of my library is Dover, maybe more. Dover books have saved me on multiple occasions. And for now I still prefer the Dover editions. But it's clear now that it's easier for others to offer these unusual titles and to circumvent paper publishing. I could see Dover thriving or perishing and I think they're clever folks and will succeed, but I can't help but worry a little bit.

Well, that's all I've got (plus I finished my Ramen and spicy chicken).

June 12, 2009

BBT

That stands for Big Bang Theory, which has restored my faith in sitcoms. Science is cool, uncool, funny, awkward, bizaare, mind-blowing, unpredictable and full of incredibly colorful characters. I'm not really sure why hollywood didn't catch on to this sooner. I could rant on, but that would make me too much like Sheldon, which doesn't fit at all since I'm the geek who landed the hot babe.

Funny story. I was struggling tonite to watch Bill O'Reilly to broaden my cultural horizons; he was yelling a lot and hurling insults and acting up a storm. Do people think this is news? And apparently some viewers like this but I was grudgingly forcing myself to watch. It's a free country - I don't like what he says so I don't watch him. But as I was grappling with why anyone would actually want to watch this, suddenly the screen went blank, then there was a pause, and then in plain text the words 'poor quality signal' flashed on the screen.

Back to science. Once again, I haven't felt like writing. I could continue my various humbugs about the miserable science reporting on CNN. Or I could regurgitate the popular science stories in the news like the one about element 112 being confirmed by IUPAC or that a high school student self-diagnosed herself in the middle of a lab class. Great stories, but you know them already and I have no insights on them. I don't enjoy watching MSNBC either, but I really liked Bill Nye's guest appearance tonite talking about clouds. I mean this guy is good - he can really show why talking about the weather (ok, this bizaare cloud picture) is exciting (and it is, FYI - I'm not being cheeky). But put all of this together (yes, even include BBT) and it feels like there is more science out there in the mainstream.

Now I'm not saying we should we go as far as professor trading cards, but it feels right to see all this science capturing the country's imagination. Is this a blip? Will it continue? And while I'm at it, just where is the next great kids science show? Henry's only a few years away from the age where I started to watch Mr. Wizard; Bill Nye is doing other important work. Actually, some of you may recall I was bummed out about this in a post that I wrote ages ago and it just hit me that there still isn't anybody out there doing this that I know of. (Does Mythbusters count?)

Meanwhile I'm still missing the Kirk burger king glass. KAAAAAAAAAAAHN!

December 13, 2008

wrestling with science

I really do try not to let this get under my skin, but CNN just continues to sink deeper and deeper into abysmal science reporting. I just stumbled across this inane review of a WWE Smackdown videogame on their 'scitech' blog, which is supposedly a blog about "coming to terms with our relationship to our home planet". Is this some kind of a joke?

December 05, 2008

Goldilocks

I'm trying to decide if I feel like opining on this. But I'm caving in and doing it. I get these regular newsletters from a London university where I studied for a year. One of their professors has written a book wondering why it seems that the universe is so perfectly suited to us. This is the kind of tempting argumentative writing that attracts attention and is designed to sell books, but is completely flawed. And as I did throughout high school and college, I plan on analyzing the book without ever reading it.

First, it is we who are somewhat compatible with the universe. Natural selection has favored any mutation in a species that resulted in better adaption (chance for reproductive success) to the environment (a.k.a. the universe). An unimaginably large number of mutations together with billions of years of natural selection have resulted in species like humans that seem to be well adapted to their environment. Except that we need shelter, we also perish easily in extreme weather, we have dangerously long periods in which the young are helpless without parenting, etc. And no human or any other higher species on Earth has any chance of existing in the cold vacuum of space. That's right, we are not very well adapted to the universe at all.

When we drive around a fancy car, enjoy a nice filet mignon and then sleep for 12 hours between silk sheets, (FYI : I do none of these things) it may seem that we are masters of our universe, a perfect fit in every way. No, we're just spoiled and we shouldn't read anything more into it.

To make an example, nobody has (publicly) figured out a good solution to how humans are going to survive the lethal high energy background radiation of the universe (and solar flares) when we try to leave low Earth orbit and the protective cocoon afforded by Earth's magnetic field. Even the ISS is in low earth orbit so that it is protected from solar radiation. So in fact the universe is not well suited to us at all, and while we seem to do ok, natural selection has several billion years to go before we have any chance of being considered well suited to the universe.

November 10, 2008

Ooohhh, chemicals

To some chemists it drives them up the wall, it's a cause celebre that may induce some to rant in poorly controlled anger and others to stew in silence. To others it's simply a pet peeve that deserves a softer touch. To many it's something in between. I'm pretty low key about it, but I think it's important to discuss it and it can be a real learning experience to think about it. But all chemists are aware of it. What is 'it'?

Best to explain by example. Very recently 20 or so sailors and civilians died aboard a Russian submarine when a fire suppression system activated accidentally and suffocated the aforementioned individuals with what was reported to be (and likely was) a gas called freon. This at least, is the information that the major networks are reporting. I think we tend to suspect that causes of Russian sub accidents are rarely accurately identified to the outside press, but this one has the ring of truth so I'll run with it.

Yahoo had the reasonable headline:"Accident on Russian nuclear sub suffocates 20.". Sure, they're playing the 'nuclear' card in this headline to draw you in, but they include the crucial piece of information on suffocation, namely that this had nothing to do with the nuclear reactor inside the sub.

CNN on the other hand, went with a number of headlines. The one that I wanted to call out here interestingly no longer exists, but read "Chemicals kill 20 aboard Russian sub". This article spells out CNN's recent reporting on it which is still highly misguided.

With lively phrases like "chemicals spewed out" and "poisoning from freon gas", the CNN article is engaging in the practice that tweaks the sensibilities of chemists everywhere: villainizing 'chemicals' not to mention drastically stretching the truth (a.k.a. lying - we'll get to that). You and I are all made of chemicals. We eat, drink and excrete chemicals. Everything we touch is a chemical. The plants we grow, harvest and eat are all chemicals. Everything is a chemical. But we sometimes see in the presses instances like this that engage in the villainizing of the word 'chemical'. Yes, it's very upsetting when chemicals like DDT or thalidomide come along and ruin lives. But chemicals like aspirin, penicillin and lipitor(TM) to name a few also work modern marvels for the human condition. The word chemical should simply be a neutrally connotative word IMHO.

To see how CNN's article reads in the eyes of this chemist, one would have to report that every victim of drowning was "killed by chemicals" and "poisoned by water". In drowning, the victim suffers a loss of oxygen and everybody knows and understands this. So what about freon? Freon (like water) is not highly reactive. That makes it desirable as a fire suppressor since (like water) it will be somewhat unreactive at the higher temperatures. It is also significantly denser than air so that (like water) it displaces air very effectively. In a sub, they could flood any compartment that was on fire with water and do a great job putting out the fire. But this doesn't sound like a good idea in a sub... Importantly, freon has negligible toxicity (like water) according to the MSDS (material safety data sheet). So that by any reasonable layperson's definition, the allegation of "poisoning" is incorrect since the tragedy was due to a loss of oxygen, which would have happened whether water or freon filled the compartment.

CNN's reporting is regrettable, but I don't want to villainize them. They made a good effort to present freon in a lively way that would engage their readers (aside: and CNN was extremely cautious on election reporting which I admired) and even though it ended up perpetuating misperceptions about the word 'chemical', we can now talk about it and think about it and learn from it. So, to the great void out there, what does the word 'chemical' mean to you?

October 21, 2008

Politics

I don't talk politics at school - it's not right. If any of my students have found this blog, hopefully you're mystified about my political leanings, don't care what I think about politics, and have resolved to decide for yourselves. That's an order. But out here in blog-space, I can muse a little about it.

It's amazingly selfish but true - most voters choose on the basis of what they perceive will be best for themselves. So I'd like to point out my own anecdote that I have heard Obama often mention 'research' in his talks and sound-bites. I haven't heard that word come out of McCain yet. Maybe he's said it - this is not en entirely fair judgement. And sure, it's in his platform and if asked he would say glowing things. But given how flooded we are with political multimedia (which reminds me : would Bill O'Reilly and Keith Olbermann both please stop yelling at me?), McCain has had plenty of chances to spontaneously say it out loud. So what this says to me is that Obama has 'research' enough on his brain that he can squeeze it into some prominent political appearances and it sends a signal that science has a chance to be something that would be valued in his administration.

October 18, 2008

Random roundup

It's a little old, but I've been wanting to comment on the Large Hadron Collider, which is down for repairs for a long time after a very nasty event when one of its superconducting magnets turned resistive and melted a lot of the stuff around it. This leaked a lot of helium in the process. Now helium is a *^&%$ precious resource and it's disappointing to see such a loss of it as all of us in science depend on it. I heard anecdotes that the total helium use of the LHC consumed half of the world's production capacity, which is insane. I'd be curious to get my hands on the real numbers. The LHC is an extraordinary, unprecedented use of resources on a speculative experiment - it's one of the most audacious experiments in humankind for that reason. For the vast monetary cost and vast use of helium, this experiment needs to produce incredible results.

Want to know a little more about helium and the LHC? Well if you have not already found the guilty pleasure of the youtube periodic table videos posted by a British group, then try out this one on the LHC if for nothing else than the Prof's hair. I aspire to have science hair like that.

I stumbled onto a strange thread of blogs which were fussing that scientists are hotly arguing and debating what defines a theory. No, they're not. Every scientist knows what a theory is (or should know!), how it differs from fact even when it gives exact results, etc. Not sure where that silliness came from. Evolution is a theory and a *&^# good one at that. Quantum mechanics is a theory and is also *&^# good. So is thermodynamics. Bad theories die and good theories live. It's not really a big deal, so here's MY theory: the economy is down, bloggers need to sell ads, and so they need to find something 'controversial' to argue about to try to attract internet gawkers, so it might as well be that.

October 09, 2008

Math Goggles

Not a pretty sight out there on wall street. Maybe look somewhere else for some good news?

I was pretty floored when Jenn sent me the story about Google's Mail Goggles. Google's creative lab guys got the idea to write a program that won't let you send an email unless you answer a bunch of math questions, correctly and in time (ooh, word twist: mite, mit, met, tie, item, emit).

So this is to prevent you from sending emails you would later regret because you were mentally compromised (let's be candid: drunk); if there is any doubt that they are poking a little fun at enebriated email sprees, the default timing of this "feature" is for weekend nights. Using math as the sobriety test is slightly awesome. To come to the point here, it shows what quite a few of us have known for some time (wait for it....): you can't drink and derive.

August 13, 2008

Bees

Nobody knows what's going on with bees. Actually - that's not true. It's trickier than that. The problem of massive deaths of hives and of millions of bees was first reported by a hometown beekeeper right here in central PA and was suddenly recognized as a major national crisis. What I can glean is that the point of conensus is that bees are experiencing multiple environmental stresses. From there, things get murky and if I think there was a need for a Congressional probe, this is it, because in the spirit of 'X-Files' I think the truth is out there.

Kudos to wikipedia for an interesting and useful article on this problem. One of the clearer discoveries is of an imported virus. But pesticides are also suspected and appear to represent a point of departure in how nation's regulate on this problem (not to mention being fodder for suspicion on how the crisis is being investigated). The case for blaming certain pesticides has real merit, has led to emergency bans of certain pesticides in Europe, but would be unpopular since US farming sides strongly with the use of pesticides.

Trying to find out if pesticides are playing a role is tremendously difficult. As a chemist, I raise this to emphasize my point that chemists have the most respect for chemicals; and every year when I beg Jenn to let me spray our damn broad-leaf weeds she reminds me that the world is already saturated in herbicides so why add to it and then I come back to earth and agree. We continue to introduce non-native chemicals into huge ecologies with no idea of what the long term effects are.

When DDT was first released, farmers applied it to crops at levels 10-100 fold more than recommended because it was so good. It was a miracle insect killer and all respect for the power of new chemicals was thrown out the door. Despite the debacle of DDT, we seem to have learned little. Worldwide, farmers demand the next best additive or chemical, certain that big corporations and the feds will look out for them. But when we design pesticides of unprecedented strength and potency we must expect serious consequences because this is precisely the situation where we will not be able to 'expect the unexpected'.

Chemicals are wonderful and beautiful and improve our lives in countless ways, but blind faith in them is stupid. It's time in this country that we changed our views towards saturating our land with non-native chemicals whose long-term impacts are not known.

July 20, 2008

Something that works.

If you love your Wii, you'll love the Fuel Mizer, because they're based on the same technology of sensitive, small accelerometers. And they're equally easy to use. Just how handy are these awesome accelerometers? You can use the Wii to get fit, or the Fuel Mizer to get some serious fuel efficiency kung fu.

How much does driving style matter? It all depends on the driver. I recall a woman who called Click and Clack who was sure something was wrong with her car because her husband got 10 mpg less than she did. This can be a really, really big deal for some of the most aggressive drivers on the one hand, and it also helped an experienced driver . This accelerometer just sits there on your dash and shows pretty lights to tell you if you are accelerating or braking too fast. After a while you train yourself - after a while you take the thing out because you've changed your habits. It doesn't hook up to anything - and runs for a long time on the battery. Finally, a product that WILL save you gas, is not a scam and has some nice science behind it.

July 19, 2008

The nitrogen testimonial

One of the most compeling tactics in any type of advertising/promotional campaign is the testimonial. The testimonial appeals to a very deep-seeded instinct in our psyches to trust personal experiences, be they ours or another person's, to value anecdotal experiences as lifelong lessons. It worked for all of these other people - it will work for me. I don't criticize this - it's completely understandable and I am guilty of reasoning by anecdote and not by logic more than I would want to admit. I would make a guess that the testimonial is probably doing more to keep the nitrogen myth alive than just about anything else.

Many people have reported obtaining 1, 2, 3 or more extra mpg when switching to pure nitrogen. You should find it on any promotional material relating to inflating tires with nitrogen. But there is a big punch-line: the majority of passenger vehicle tires operated in this country are under-inflated, a problem so common that even a company chock full of car experts was remiss in keeping tire pressures up. Under-inflating tires is very well known to decrease fuel efficiency.

So now the obvious flaw in nitrogen testimonials: the great majority of customers are bringing in under-inflated tires. So when under-inflated tires are correctly inflated with 95% nitrogen, the customer attributes the 1-3 mpg improvement to the mysterious, exhilierating, Flash-Gordon-esque wonders of nitrogen, and rushes to the internet to spread the news in a fit of 'false authority syndrome'. For what it's worth, consumer Reports has tried to clear up this common mistake in a blog discussion relating to one of their articles. Hopefully others will spread the word too.

June 20, 2008

more hot air on nitrogen

So above we talked about the molecules of N2 and O2 being essentially the same size. Sure the N atom is slighty larger, but this is not an exciting effect on the overall size of the molecule. Now O2 is a neat thing since it's also paramagnetic, while N2 is not, but I haven't been able to think of any way to connect that to tire issues, so that important difference between them will have to be set aside.

Click and Clack have weighed in on this and explained it nicely and in a way only they can. But not everybody is happy about it. But perhaps that's because there's big money involved in nitrogen tire inflation (sorry for the large pdf link there).

I've been wondering : why would industry, which to be fair has a pretty good track record of being stingy with investing, go into the nitrogen tire business? Well, they were already in it of course in NASCAR, airplanes, etc. where you have tires in incredibly extreme environments and there are plausible reasons to use nitrogen (see the above click and clack article). And to be fair, good business models always look for new markets and applications. But if you start to read between the lines, there is some surprise in the industry about the craze among passenger cars for this stuff. The next viable market that was being targeted was trucking, where tires operate under very high pressures, high temperatures, and for extended periods. It's probably the next closest thing to the demands of a race car, and there's a chance (I haven't thought about it, but it seems reasonable on the surface) that these conditions are extreme enough that you may realize some benefit from nitrogen in a heavily loaded semi traveling a thousand miles a day.

I just found the disclaimer by the way in the above pdf file - you will get 95-98% N2. Now air is already 78% N2. So you're not even getting pure nitrogen and you're changing your tire's inflation composition by only about 15-17%. Shoot, I forgot to do the van der waals calculation in this post. Next time.

June 19, 2008

got gas?

First, awesome Jenn awesomely got me an awesome gift certificate at thinkgeek. I am beside myself. She's a doll.

The gas craze continues and recently on a road trip we saw an auto shop with the sign proclaiming something like "We have nitrogen : filling your tires with nitrogen saves gas". I'm certain I must have blogged about this before, but it's "hot" again. So let's dispel rumors and spread it out over a few posts for fun.

First, why might people do it? Legitimately, basic compressed air has a lot of moisture, which poses minor concerns for the lifetime of the tire but which is a pain in the neck for NASCAR. Why not use dry compressed air then? Well, I always assumed most air compressors in autoshops had dryers on them, but maybe I'm wrong about that. The moisture issue is nothing new, very minor in the grand scheme of things, and trivial to fix. That would help actually, but race cars and airplanes and the space shuttle also use nitrogen to reduce the fire hazard if a tire should explode. Perhaps Volvo will mandate this as one of its safety features? Hmmmm.

Myth 1. What size are the molecules? Nitrogen gas is composed of diatomic molecules; so is oxygen gas. They are practically the same "size" on a molecule per molecule basis. An individual O atom has a slightly smaller radius than an individual N atom. However nitrogen has a triple bond, while oxygen has a double bond, so that to a good approximation they are the same size. Nonetheless, you will encounter bizaare statements by columnists such as "it replaces skinny oxygen molecules with fat nitrogen molecules". In fact these two gases are so similar, they have nearly the same van der waals constants (please forgive the wikipedia link). That could turn out to be fun and interesting so we'll play with that on another post.

June 04, 2008

If..

...you were an astronaut, you'd be happily flushing the toilet again. Oh, and drooling over the mega-huge japanese research module just delivered that adds mucho square feet to the ISS (and maybe another toilet?). My question: how long does it take to get from one end of ISS to the other?

...you were a democrat, you'd be cracking open a beer and sighing in relief that there is finally a nominee. In these primaries we actually got a glimpse of substance. Obama rightly said that gas-tax relief was a reckless gimmick that would do more harm than good. And somewhere buried in their platform statements, there were tangible differences in their approaches to healthcare as well. If more things like this emerge in the next few months, maybe we can make a decision based on issues and not on PR blitzes.

...you were a commuter, you would be trying to figure out what the heck hypermiling is. Actually, it's just common sense like not racing to a red light, coasting up hill and accelerating down hill, driving at or below speed limits to reduce friction, unloading dead weight from your car and...wait, stuff I blogged bout a while ago, which anybody could figure out on their own anyway, and which I didn't think needed a silly trekkie name.

...you were looking for a way to save money on gas, you might buy into the HHO scam, which is nicely debunked on this wikipedia page (at least at the time I wrote this!). As a chemist I thought this was hilarious the first time I read it. But of course then there's the double take. OK - it's not HHO and many of the scammers know that (but interestingly not all - some of them seem to have duped themselves). But it is H2 and O2 gas, and they could improve combustion in an internal engine when fed into the intake, except that they'll also add a ton of moisture into the engine... So like all great scams, there is a little kernel of truth in this one and maybe somebody will find a way to 'de-scam' this one.

...you were me, you would stop procrastinating and get back to writing manuscripts!

December 30, 2007

Congrats PATS !!!

Nuff said. (I hate it when people write that by the way - but what the heck).

OK, and a little science. One guy took his obsession pretty far and made a literal periodic table, where to the degree that is possible, there is a representative sample of each element in each part of the table. But in case you're wondering, that is no longer (in my opinion) the world's most extreme periodic table. I really don't think you can top this . Finally, take note, family and friends, I officially want one of these.

December 05, 2007

The Week in News

It's been a big week in science, and I'm actually not talking about the stem cell breakthrough.

Let's get onto serious stuff. For example, how a seemingly harmless lottery scratch game revealed a suprising number of people have trouble knowing what numbers are larger than others. So much, that the lottery game had to be cancelled. (thanks pop for the link!)

My favorite story of the week was that young chimps were shown to have better ultra-short term memory/perception than human adults. It's an incredibly cool study. For information that was displayed just a fraction of a second, the chimps recalled it better than the humans. It suggests two things. First, that this is a skill with questionable or no survival benefit and was lost evolutionarily by humans when other higher-order capabilities evolved (evolving possibly by reallocating this cognitive capability in other ways). Second, the researchers acknowledged an age discrepancy and note that short term memory is better in children and that they could be seeing this trend in the chimps too. As always, more work is needed, but if you don't think that's cool then what rock have you been living under?

Another big story that might have been overlooked is that women took the top prizes in the Siemens science competition. This is a really complex issue - at the college level the percentages of women in the sciences has increased tremendously. But the percentages dip looking ahead to graduate schools. Visibility can only help.

I have concerns about these national competitions for high school students (Intel and Siemens). The students in these competitions are of course extremely talented, but their accomplishments must be taken in the context of extraordinary support networks such as access to major research universities, extensive mentoring by Ph.D. scientists, etc. If we could provide this level of scientific nurturing more extensively, we would not be worried about scientific excellence or scientific literacy in this country.

September 13, 2007

Soundwaves and Radiowaves

Can RF be used to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen gas? Well this guy thinks he's done it and this is all over the various news organizations. The key is salt water, and presumably the right power and frequency of RF. RF heating of salt solutions is no surprise and is well known - but purportedly generating hydrogen is surprising and some skepticism needs to be applied. If true, the main benefit would be in delivering energy in a much cleaner and environmentally friendlier fashion. Thermodynamically it will be a loss since it would have to be viewed as a cyclic process (dissociating water followed by combustion to reassociate it) and every real cyclic process is lossy by definition (second law of thermodynamics).

And it's a rough segue but i've got to put in a good word for the awesome headphones that I've been using for something like 10 years now (wow). They're the Grado 60's and they're incredibly rich and detailed and have surprising bass. They follow the open air design so everybody else will hear your music too. In the last several years I added a second pair, the Grado 80's. Their sound is crisper and even more detailed but interestingly not quite as rich as the 60's. I love going back and forth between them. These two headphones are some of the best buys I've ever had and I decided it was time to write about them.